ASSESSMENT OF PARAMETERS OF THE AREA OF GAS CONTAMINATION OF THE SOIL DURING EMERGENCY GAS LEAKS FROM GAS PIPELINES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31471/2304-7399-2025-21(79)-439-446Keywords:
газопровід, витік газу, корозія, фільтрація, ареал загазованості, математичне моделювання.Abstract
The article considers the problem of emergency leaks of natural gas from gas pipelines caused by corrosion damage to the pipe walls, and their impact on the environment. It is shown that during the leak, the gas enters the soil, forming an area of gas contamination, which over time spreads to the surface, polluting the atmosphere. The magnitude of the leak, its intensity and the depth of the gas pipeline determine the speed and nature of the formation of the gasification zone. A significant role is played by the filtration properties of the soil, in particular its permeability and resistance to the movement of gas in the pores, which determines the complex nature of the relationship between gas leaks and the laws of its filtration.
In addition to material losses associated with the loss of gas, leakage processes cause soil contamination, a decrease in its ecological quality and a potential explosion hazard when critical concentrations of methane in the air are reached. The paper analyzes existing studies devoted to the diagnosis of leaks by temperature changes in the soil, determining its filtration characteristics and modeling non-stationary filtration processes. At the same time, it is noted that there are no comprehensive studies in the scientific literature that combine the analysis of gas leakage from the pipeline and the formation of the contamination area.
Analytical studies of the process of gas leakage through a corrosion hole and modeling of the formation of the area of soil gasification were carried out. A mathematical model was proposed that allows determining the time parameters of gas filtration to the soil surface, the volume of the formed gasification zone and the amount of gas losses. Particular attention was paid to the two-phase nature of the process - the period of gas reaching the soil surface and the subsequent stationary stage of filtration.
The results of the study can be used in assessing the technical condition of gas pipelines, predicting the consequences of emergency situations, developing leak monitoring systems and improving methods of environmental safety of gas distribution networks.
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